diff --git a/package.json b/package.json
index a20b4f6..aa180c7 100644
--- a/package.json
+++ b/package.json
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
     "typecheck": "tsc --noEmit",
     "lint": "biome check main.ts src/",
     "lint:fix": "biome check --write main.ts src/",
-    "test": "npm run build && npm run typecheck && node tests/main.test.js && node tests/generation-job-manager.test.js && node tests/anchor.test.js && node tests/schema.test.js && node tests/cache.test.js && node tests/cards-nav.test.js && node tests/markdown.test.js && node tests/vault-batch.test.js && node tests/i18n.test.js && node tests/scroll.test.js && node tests/settings.test.js && node tests/providers.test.js && node tests/streaming.test.js && node tests/cli.test.js && node tests/direct-prompt.test.js && node tests/direct-cache.test.js && node tests/direct-providers.test.js && node tests/direct-settings.test.js && node tests/direct-i18n.test.js && node tests/direct-streaming.test.js"
+    "test": "npm run build && npm run typecheck && node tests/main.test.js && node tests/generation-job-manager.test.js && node tests/anchor.test.js && node tests/schema.test.js && node tests/cache.test.js && node tests/cards-nav.test.js && node tests/markdown.test.js && node tests/vault-batch.test.js && node tests/i18n.test.js && node tests/scroll.test.js && node tests/settings.test.js && node tests/providers.test.js && node tests/streaming.test.js && node tests/cli.test.js && node tests/direct-prompt.test.js && node tests/direct-markdown.test.js && node tests/direct-cache.test.js && node tests/direct-providers.test.js && node tests/direct-settings.test.js && node tests/direct-i18n.test.js && node tests/direct-streaming.test.js"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@biomejs/biome": "^2.4.13",
diff --git a/tests/direct-markdown.test.js b/tests/direct-markdown.test.js
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7d75d25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/direct-markdown.test.js
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+const { assert, requireBundledModule, cleanup } = require('./direct-test-setup');
+
+(async () => {
+  try {
+    const md = await requireBundledModule('src/markdown.ts');
+
+    // ── cardToMarkdown ──
+    const full = md.cardToMarkdown({
+      title: 'Section A',
+      anchor: 'original quote',
+      gist: 'Summary line',
+      bullets: ['point 1', 'point 2'],
+    });
+    assert.ok(full.includes('## Section A'), 'heading');
+    assert.ok(full.includes('> original quote'), 'anchor blockquote');
+    assert.ok(full.includes('Summary line'), 'gist');
+    assert.ok(full.includes('- point 1'), 'bullet 1');
+    assert.ok(full.includes('- point 2'), 'bullet 2');
+
+    const noAnchor = md.cardToMarkdown({ title: 'B', anchor: '', gist: 'G', bullets: [] });
+    assert.ok(!noAnchor.includes('> '), 'no blockquote when anchor is empty');
+    assert.ok(noAnchor.includes('## B'), 'heading present');
+    assert.ok(noAnchor.includes('G'), 'gist present');
+
+    const noBullets = md.cardToMarkdown({ title: 'C', anchor: '', gist: 'G', bullets: [] });
+    assert.ok(!noBullets.includes('- '), 'no bullet markers for empty array');
+
+    const noGist = md.cardToMarkdown({ title: 'D', anchor: 'a', gist: '', bullets: ['b'] });
+    assert.ok(noGist.includes('> a'), 'anchor present');
+    assert.ok(noGist.includes('- b'), 'bullets present');
+
+    const anchorWhitespace = md.cardToMarkdown({ title: 'E', anchor: '  spaces \n tabs \t here  ', gist: '', bullets: [] });
+    assert.ok(anchorWhitespace.includes('> spaces tabs here'), 'anchor whitespace normalized');
+
+    // ── cardToPlain ──
+    const plain = md.cardToPlain({
+      title: 'Section A',
+      anchor: 'ignored in plain',
+      gist: 'Summary',
+      bullets: ['one', 'two'],
+    });
+    assert.ok(plain.includes('Section A'), 'title in plain');
+    assert.ok(plain.includes('Summary'), 'gist in plain');
+    assert.ok(plain.includes('• one'), 'bullet with dot');
+    assert.ok(!plain.includes('ignored'), 'anchor not in plain text');
+
+    const plainNoGist = md.cardToPlain({ title: 'T', anchor: '', gist: '', bullets: ['b'] });
+    assert.ok(plainNoGist.includes('T'), 'title');
+    assert.ok(plainNoGist.includes('• b'), 'bullet');
+    assert.ok(!plainNoGist.includes('\n\n'), 'no double newline from empty gist');
+
+    const plainNoBullets = md.cardToPlain({ title: 'T', anchor: '', gist: 'G', bullets: [] });
+    assert.strictEqual(plainNoBullets, 'T\nG', 'just title and gist');
+
+    const plainMinimal = md.cardToPlain({ title: 'T', anchor: '', gist: '', bullets: [] });
+    assert.strictEqual(plainMinimal, 'T', 'title only when gist and bullets empty');
+
+    // ── cardsToMarkdown ──
+    const multi = md.cardsToMarkdown('My Title', [
+      { title: 'A', anchor: 'q', gist: 'g', bullets: ['b'] },
+      { title: 'B', anchor: '', gist: 'g2', bullets: [] },
+    ]);
+    assert.ok(multi.includes('# My Title'), 'top-level heading');
+    assert.ok(multi.includes('## A'), 'first card');
+    assert.ok(multi.includes('## B'), 'second card');
+
+    const emptyTitle = md.cardsToMarkdown('', []);
+    assert.strictEqual(emptyTitle, '# 对照笔记', 'empty title uses default');
+
+    const nullCards = md.cardsToMarkdown('T', null);
+    assert.strictEqual(nullCards, '# T', 'null cards array gives title only');
+
+    const emptyCards = md.cardsToMarkdown('T', []);
+    assert.strictEqual(emptyCards, '# T', 'empty cards array gives title only');
+
+    console.log('direct markdown tests passed');
+  } finally {
+    cleanup();
+  }
+})().catch((e) => { console.error(e); process.exit(1); });