lllin000_PaperForge/audit/2GN9LMCW/block_trace.csv

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2	1	0	header_image		[67.0, 127.0, 262.0, 313.0]	unknown_structural	0.2	["unrecognized label 'header_image'"]	unknown_structural	0.2	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	empty	False	True
3	1	1	doc_title	In vitro effect of direct current electrical stimulation on rat mesenchymal stem cells	[362.0, 124.0, 1123.0, 264.0]	paper_title	0.8	["page-1 zone title_zone: In vitro effect of direct current electrical stimulation on "]	paper_title	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	True	True
4	1	2	text	Sahba Mobini $ ^{1,2,*} $, Liudmila Leppik $ ^{1,*} $, Vishnu Thottakkattumana Parameswaran $ ^{1} $ and John Howard Barker $ ^{1} $	[361.0, 293.0, 1159.0, 350.0]	authors	0.8	["page-1 zone author_zone: Sahba Mobini $ ^{1,2,*} $, Liudmila Leppik $ ^{1,*} $, Vishn"]	authors	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	True	True
5	1	3	text	$ ^{1} $ Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Experimental Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany	[355.0, 361.0, 1119.0, 404.0]	affiliation	0.8	["page-1 zone affiliation_zone: $ ^{1} $ Frankfurt Initiative for Regenerative Medicine, Exp"]	affiliation	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	affiliation_marker	True	True
6	1	4	text	$ ^{2} $School of Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom	[355.0, 406.0, 1126.0, 447.0]	affiliation	0.8	["page-1 zone affiliation_zone: $ ^{2} $School of Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Phys"]	affiliation	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	affiliation_marker	True	True
7	1	5	text	These authors contributed equally to this work.	[357.0, 449.0, 712.0, 472.0]	frontmatter_support	0.78	["first-surviving-page support text: These authors contributed equally to this work."]	frontmatter_support	0.78	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	True	True
8	1	6	paragraph_title	ABSTRACT	[388.0, 510.0, 548.0, 539.0]	abstract_heading	0.95	["abstract heading"]	abstract_heading	0.95	frontmatter_main_zone	heading_like	short_fragment	True	True
9	1	7	text	Submitted 12 July 2016 Accepted 22 November 2016 Published 12 January 2017	[65.0, 948.0, 295.0, 1014.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	["page-1 zone journal_furniture_zone: Submitted 12 July 2016\nAccepted 22 November 2016\nPublished 1"]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	False	False
10	1	8	abstract	Background. Electrical stimulation (ES) has been successfully used to treat bone defects clinically. Recently, both cellular and molecular approaches have demonstrated that ES can change cell behavior	[383.0, 555.0, 1148.0, 1036.0]	abstract_body	0.85	["abstract label from Paddle OCR"]	abstract_body	0.85	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	True	True
11	1	9	text	cc Copyright 2017 Mobini et al.	[67.0, 1284.0, 202.0, 1333.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	["page-1 zone journal_furniture_zone: cc Copyright 2017 Mobini et al."]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	body_zone	support_like	none	False	False
12	1	10	text	OPEN ACCESS	[70.0, 1408.0, 209.0, 1432.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	["frontmatter noise text: OPEN ACCESS"]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
13	1	11	text	Distributed under Creative Commons CC-BY 4.0	[64.0, 1346.0, 316.0, 1391.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	["page-1 zone journal_furniture_zone: Distributed under\nCreative Commons CC-BY 4.0"]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	body_zone	body_like	none	False	False
14	1	12	text	Additional Information and Declarations can be found on page 10	[65.0, 1172.0, 306.0, 1238.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	["page-1 zone journal_furniture_zone: Additional Information and Declarations can be found on page"]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	False	False
15	1	13	text	Corresponding author Sahba Mobini, sahba.mobini@manchester.ac.uk, sahba.mobini@gmail.com	[64.0, 1023.0, 315.0, 1111.0]	frontmatter_support	0.78	["first-surviving-page support text: Corresponding author\nSahba Mobini,\nsahba.mobini@manchester.a"]	frontmatter_support	0.78	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	True	True
16	1	14	text	DOI 10.7717/peerj.2821	[66.0, 1247.0, 249.0, 1271.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	False	False
17	1	15	text	Academic editor Jalees Rehman	[65.0, 1120.0, 203.0, 1165.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	["page-1 zone journal_furniture_zone: Academic editor\nJalees Rehman"]	frontmatter_noise	0.8	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	False	False
18	1	16	text	Subjects Bioengineering, Cell Biology, Orthopedics	[362.0, 1087.0, 788.0, 1112.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	["keyword-like block: Subjects Bioengineering, Cell Biology, Orthopedics"]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	False	False
19	1	17	text	Keywords Direct current electrical stimulation, Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, Adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, Bone tissue engineering	[361.0, 1114.0, 1136.0, 1166.0]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	["keyword-like block: Keywords Direct current electrical stimulation, Bone marrow-"]	frontmatter_noise	0.7	frontmatter_main_zone	support_like	none	False	False
20	1	18	paragraph_title	INTRODUCTION	[363.0, 1201.0, 585.0, 1231.0]	section_heading	0.9	["explicit scholarly heading: INTRODUCTION"]	section_heading	0.9	body_zone	heading_like	canonical_section_name	True	True
21	1	19	text	Large segment bone defects, caused by open fractures, non-unions, infections and tumor resection are a major challenge in trauma and orthopedic surgery. Complications associated with current treatment	[361.0, 1245.0, 1159.0, 1423.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
22	1	20	footer	How to cite this article Mobini et al. (2017), In vitro effect of direct current electrical stimulation on rat mesenchymal stem cells. PeerJ 5:e2821; DOI 10.7717/peerj.2821	[362.0, 1497.0, 1143.0, 1534.0]	noise	0.9	["footer label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	none	False	False
23	2	0	header	PeerJ	[61.0, 71.0, 156.0, 107.0]	noise	0.9	["header label"]	noise	0.9	frontmatter_side_zone	support_like	short_fragment	False	False
24	2	1	text	hold great potential for achieving optimal bone healing while eliminating the associated drawbacks of conventional treatments (Petite et al., 2000).	[361.0, 167.0, 1149.0, 223.0]	unknown_structural	0.8	["page-1 zone author_zone: hold great potential for achieving optimal bone healing whil"]	authors	0.8	body_zone	body_like	none	False	True
25	2	2	text	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to be an attractive cell source for clinical bone tissue engineering applications. MSCs possess a great capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differ	[361.0, 226.0, 1162.0, 758.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
26	2	3	text	Electrical stimulation (ES) has been shown to be effective in nerve and cardiac tissue engineering applications, primarily due to the electric nature of these tissues (Ghasemi-Mobarakeh et al., 2011;	[362.0, 760.0, 1159.0, 1379.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
27	2	4	text	Recently, various different types of physical stimuli such as static magnetic fields, cyclic strain, low frequency vibration, and electric signals have been used to improve	[362.0, 1382.0, 1133.0, 1439.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
28	2	5	footer	Mobini et al. (2017), PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.2821	[63.0, 1501.0, 496.0, 1524.0]	noise	0.9	["footer label"]	noise	0.9	frontmatter_main_zone	reference_like	reference_pattern	False	False
29	2	6	number	2/15	[1117.0, 1503.0, 1158.0, 1522.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
30	3	0	header	PeerJ	[61.0, 71.0, 156.0, 107.0]	noise	0.9	["header label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	unknown_like	short_fragment	False	False
31	3	1	text	both the proliferative and the differentiation potential of stem cells. Specifically, ES has been shown to influence cell proliferation and differentiation in tissue engineering applications (Balint,	[361.0, 167.0, 1163.0, 670.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
32	3	2	text	In the present study we exposed rat BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs to DC ES and compared osteogenic differentiation behavior in both cell types.	[363.0, 673.0, 1156.0, 730.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
33	3	3	paragraph_title	MATERIALS AND METHODS Groups	[363.0, 756.0, 748.0, 824.0]	section_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level section_heading: MATERIALS AND METHODS Groups"]	section_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
34	3	4	footer		[364.0, 796.0, 459.0, 824.0]	noise	0.9	["footer label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	empty	False	False
35	3	5	text	We designed our experiments to compare electrically stimulated (ES) versus not stimulated (Control) cell groups. Each group included both BM- and AT-derived rat MSCs, cultivated in osteogenic differen	[362.0, 827.0, 1161.0, 977.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
36	3	6	paragraph_title	Cell preparation and culture	[364.0, 991.0, 692.0, 1020.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Cell preparation and culture"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
37	3	7	text	Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat MSC from bone marrow (RASMX-01001) and adipose tissue (RASMD-01001) were both obtained from Cyagen (CA, USA). Frozen vials of cells were thawed, cultured, and expanded to reach	[362.0, 1024.0, 1160.0, 1439.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
38	3	8	footer	Mobini et al. (2017), PeerJ, DOI 10.7717/peerj.2821	[63.0, 1501.0, 496.0, 1524.0]	noise	0.9	["footer label"]	noise	0.9		reference_like	reference_pattern	False	False
39	3	9	number	3/15	[1116.0, 1502.0, 1158.0, 1522.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
40	4	0	header	PeerJ	[61.0, 71.0, 156.0, 108.0]	noise	0.9	["header label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	unknown_like	short_fragment	False	False
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42	4	2	figure_title	Figure 1 Setup for delivering direct current electrical stimulation to the cells. L-shaped platinum electrodes, 22 mm apart, secured to the lid of a 6-well cell culture plate and connected to a standa	[373.0, 585.0, 1147.0, 675.0]	figure_caption	0.92	["figure_title label: Figure 1 Setup for delivering direct current electrical stim"]	figure_caption	0.92	display_zone	legend_like	figure_number	True	True
43	4	3	paragraph_title	Electrical stimulation of cells	[363.0, 702.0, 703.0, 728.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Electrical stimulation of cells"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
44	4	4	text	Electrical stimulation was applied by means of a purpose built DC ES cell culture chamber (Mobini, Leppik & Barker, 2016). Briefly, the chamber consists of L-shaped platinum electrodes, separated by a	[360.0, 733.0, 1161.0, 1033.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
45	4	5	paragraph_title	Cell viability and activity	[363.0, 1048.0, 652.0, 1076.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Cell viability and activity"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
46	4	6	text	To confirm that the oxidation–reduction and electrochemical reactions of the metallic electrodes in the DC ES chamber were not cytotoxic, cell viability and metabolic activity were assessed by 3-(4,5-	[360.0, 1081.0, 1161.0, 1379.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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48	4	8	number	4/15	[1117.0, 1502.0, 1158.0, 1522.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
49	5	0	header	PeerJ	[61.0, 71.0, 156.0, 107.0]	noise	0.9	["header label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	unknown_like	short_fragment	False	False
50	5	1	paragraph_title	Osteogenic differentiation	[362.0, 165.0, 669.0, 192.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Osteogenic differentiation"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
51	5	2	text	Alizarin Red stains calcium deposits in the cells, indicating the presence of functional osteocytes. Cultured cells were washed twice with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (Sigma Aldrich, Münche	[361.0, 197.0, 1161.0, 403.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
52	5	3	text	Transcription quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. In brief, total RNA was isolated using an Aurum RNA isolation kit (BioRad, München, Germany) according to the manufacturer's i	[360.0, 417.0, 1159.0, 1151.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
53	5	4	paragraph_title	Data analysis	[364.0, 1169.0, 525.0, 1196.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Data analysis"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	short_fragment	True	True
54	5	5	text	All experiments were performed in triplicate and statistical significance of differences between groups was analyzed by one-way ANOVA and student t-test using GraphPad Prism (GraphPad Software Inc, La	[362.0, 1200.0, 1158.0, 1410.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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56	5	7	number	5/15	[1117.0, 1502.0, 1158.0, 1522.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
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59	6	2	figure_title	Figure 2 Calcium deposition. Calcium deposition stained using Alizarin Red S for; (A) BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs exposed to no electrical stimulation (controls) at days 7 and 14; (B) BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs expo	[373.0, 882.0, 1149.0, 1019.0]	figure_caption	0.92	["figure_title label: Figure 2 Calcium deposition. Calcium deposition stained usin"]	figure_caption	0.92	display_zone	legend_like	figure_number	True	True
60	6	3	text	in growth medium at day 0). Standard deviation (SD) was calculated with the $ \Delta C_{q} $ value of technical triplicates.	[362.0, 1049.0, 1154.0, 1107.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
61	6	4	paragraph_title	RESULTS Electrical stimulation optimization	[363.0, 1135.0, 760.0, 1204.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: RESULTS Electrical stimulation optimization"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
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63	6	6	text	In order to optimize the electrical stimulation regime, first we exposed cells in culture to 10, 50, 100, and 200 mV/mm of DC ES for 1 h and found that 200 mV/mm caused cell lysis due to electro-chemi	[362.0, 1208.0, 1158.0, 1387.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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65	6	8	number	6/15	[1117.0, 1502.0, 1158.0, 1523.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
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68	7	2	figure_title	Figure 3 Cell viability. Measured by MTT assay, compared between electrically stimulated and non-stimulated controls. No significant difference in cell viability was detected between ES and non-stimul	[373.0, 749.0, 1147.0, 840.0]	figure_caption	0.92	["figure_title label: Figure 3 Cell viability. Measured by MTT assay, compared bet"]	figure_caption	0.92	display_zone	legend_like	figure_number	True	True
69	7	3	paragraph_title	Cell viability and activity	[363.0, 870.0, 651.0, 899.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Cell viability and activity"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
70	7	4	text	MTT assay was performed to compare viability and activity of electrically stimulated cells vs. non-stimulated controls. None of the cells exposed to 10, 50 and 100 mV/mm showed signs of toxicity. Figu	[360.0, 903.0, 1155.0, 1170.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
71	7	5	paragraph_title	Osteogenic differentiation	[363.0, 1187.0, 669.0, 1215.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Osteogenic differentiation"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	none	True	True
72	7	6	text	The influence of electrical stimulation on osteogenic differentiation of rat AT- and BM-MSCs in culture were investigated after seven and 14 days and compared to controls. Figures 2A and 2B shows Aliz	[361.0, 1219.0, 1146.0, 1427.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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74	7	8	number	7/15	[1117.0, 1502.0, 1158.0, 1523.0]	noise	0.9	["page number label"]	noise	0.9	body_zone	body_like	short_fragment	False	False
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76	8	1	text	(10 and 50 mV/mm) electrical fields, was not significant. However, initial morphological changes in both cell types were present at day 7, in cells exposed to electrical field of 50 mV/mm (Figs. 2C an	[362.0, 167.0, 1153.0, 252.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
77	8	2	text	Osteogenic phenotype gene expression was investigated by means of RT-qPCR analysis, in both ES and control groups of AT-MSCs and BM-MSCs at three, seven, and 14 days, (Fig. 4). In both BM- and AT-MSCs	[361.0, 256.0, 1161.0, 608.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
78	8	3	paragraph_title	DISCUSSION	[364.0, 629.0, 546.0, 659.0]	section_heading	0.9	["explicit scholarly heading: DISCUSSION"]	section_heading	0.9	body_zone	heading_like	canonical_section_name	True	True
79	8	4	text	Early studies exposing bone cells to DC electrical fields were in 1980s when Ferrier et al. (1986) exposed osteoblast-like cells to a 100 mV/mm electrical stimulation and observed cell migration towar	[361.0, 674.0, 1161.0, 1054.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
80	8	5	text	With the aim of better understanding these DC ES induced changes in MSCs osteogenic differentiation behavior, we exposed rat BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs to 100 mV/mm 1 h/day DC ES for three, seven and 14 days	[362.0, 1057.0, 1161.0, 1378.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
81	8	6	text	We showed that in the presence of DC ES, BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs behave differently as it relates to osteogenic marker expression. These observations could be related to	[362.0, 1382.0, 1159.0, 1438.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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93	9	9	text	Figure 4 RT-qPCR results. Temporal changes in messenger RNA (mRNA) of (A) Runx2, (B) Osteopontin, (C) Collagen Type1 (Col1A2) in BM-MSCs; (D) Runx2, (E) Osteopontin and (F) Col1A2 in AT-MSCs, in both	[373.0, 1101.0, 1143.0, 1258.0]	figure_caption	0.9	["figure prefix matched: Figure 4 RT-qPCR results. Temporal changes in messenger RNA ", "long text, reduced confidence", "near figure media assets"]	figure_caption	0.9	display_zone	legend_like	figure_number	True	True
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97	10	1	text	the known differences in osteogenic differentiation capacity between BM- and AT-derived MSC. Namely, studies that suggest AT-MSCs have less osteogenic potential than BM-MSCs (Ratanavaraporn et al., 20	[361.0, 167.0, 1162.0, 313.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
98	10	2	text	Our results indicate that in control groups (osteogenic supplemented medium, without electrical stimulation), both in BM- and AT-MSCs, only a slight difference exists in temporal expression patterns o	[362.0, 317.0, 1161.0, 462.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
99	10	3	text	Runx2 is known as a master osteogenic transcription factor. Runx2 activates and regulates osteogenesis as the targeted gene of many signaling pathways, including transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF	[361.0, 465.0, 1161.0, 914.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
100	10	4	paragraph_title	CONCLUSIONS	[364.0, 939.0, 578.0, 970.0]	section_heading	0.9	["explicit scholarly heading: CONCLUSIONS"]	section_heading	0.9	body_zone	heading_like	canonical_section_name	True	True
101	10	5	text	We have demonstrated that DC ES promotes Runx2, Osteopontin and Col1A2 expression in BM-MSCs already at 7 days. Our results indicate that DC ES effects osteogenic gene expression, in both BM- and AT-M	[361.0, 983.0, 1158.0, 1192.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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104	10	8	text	The work described herein was supported in part by a grant from the AO Foundation (#S-14-03H) and from the Friedrichsheim Foundation (Stiftung Friedrichsheim) in Frankfurt/Main, Germany. The funders h	[362.0, 1319.0, 1149.0, 1439.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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109	11	2	text	The following grant information was disclosed by the authors: AO Foundation: #S-14-03H. Friedrichsheim Foundation.	[363.0, 197.0, 917.0, 280.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
110	11	3	paragraph_title	Competing Interests	[364.0, 303.0, 604.0, 330.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Competing Interests"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	short_fragment	True	True
111	11	4	text	The authors declare there are no competing interests.	[363.0, 336.0, 838.0, 361.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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113	11	6	text	● Sahba Mobini and Liudmila Leppik conceived and designed the experiments, performed the experiments, analyzed the data, wrote the paper, prepared figures and/or tables, reviewed drafts of the paper.	[364.0, 413.0, 1158.0, 497.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
114	11	7	text	- Vishnu Thottakkattumana Parameswaran performed the experiments, prepared figures and/or tables.	[364.0, 502.0, 1157.0, 556.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
115	11	8	text	● John Howard Barker contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools, wrote the paper, reviewed drafts of the paper.	[365.0, 563.0, 1138.0, 618.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
116	11	9	paragraph_title	Data Availability	[365.0, 637.0, 556.0, 665.0]	subsection_heading	0.6	["unnumbered paragraph_title, inferred level subsection_heading: Data Availability"]	subsection_heading	0.6	body_zone	heading_like	short_fragment	True	True
117	11	10	text	The following information was supplied regarding data availability:	[364.0, 670.0, 961.0, 696.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
118	11	11	text	The raw data has been supplied as Supplementary Files.	[388.0, 701.0, 884.0, 726.0]	body_paragraph	0.6	["default body_paragraph for text label"]	body_paragraph	0.6	body_zone	body_like	none	True	True
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